IFax ENUM service: Facsimile Using Internet Mail (IFAX) Service of ENUM
The E2U+ifax ENUM service lets a telephone number resolve to an email address for Internet fax.
Toyoda, K. and D. Crocker, "Facsimile Using Internet Mail (IFAX) Service of ENUM", RFC 4143, DOI 10.17487/RFC4143, November 2005, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4143>.
@misc{rfc4143,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 4143,
howpublished = {RFC 4143},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC4143},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4143},
author = {K. Toyoda and D. Crocker},
title = {{Facsimile Using Internet Mail (IFAX) Service of ENUM}},
pagetotal = 5,
year = 2005,
month = nov,
} RFC text
Contents
Network Working Group K. Toyoda
Request for Comments: 4143 PCC
Category: Standards Track D. Crocker
Brandenburg
November 2005
Facsimile Using Internet Mail (IFAX) Service of ENUM
Status of This Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
This document describes the functional specification and definition
of the ENUM Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) record for IFax service.
IFax is "facsimile using Internet mail". For this use, the Domain
Name System (DNS) returns the email address of the referenced IFax
system. This mechanism allows email-based fax communication to use
telephone numbers instead of requiring the sender to already know the
recipient email address.
1. Functional Specification
An IFax client makes a [ENUMbis] DNS query, using the target system's
telephone number. The returned NAPTR record specifies an email
address to be used for reaching the target system. The email address
is then used in accordance with Simple Mode of Facsimile using
Internet Mail [RFC3965], Extended Facsimile using Internet Mail
[RFC2532], or Full Mode Fax Profile for Internet Mail [FFPIM] is
applied.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", and "MAY"
in this document are to be interpreted as defined in "Key words for
use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels" [KEYWORDS].
2. IFax Service Registration
Service Name : "E2U+ifax"
Type: "ifax"
Subtype: "mailto"
URI Scheme: "mailto"
The URI Scheme is "mailto" because facsimile is a profile of standard
Internet mail and uses standard Internet mail addressing.
Functional Specification: See section 1
Security Considerations: See section 3
Intended usage: COMMON
Author: Kiyoshi Toyoda (toyoda.kiyoshi@jp.panasonic.com)
Dave Crocker (dcrocker@bbiw.net)
3. Security Considerations
DNS, as used by ENUM, is a globally distributed database. Thus, any
information stored in it is visible to anyone anonymously. Although
this is not qualitatively different from publication in a telephone
directory, it does expose the data subject to automatic data
collection without any indication that this has been done or by whom.
Data harvesting by third parties is often used to generate lists of
targets for unrequested information; in short, the lists are used to
address "spam". The publication of a telephone number in ENUM,
especially when it is an associated Internet fax service, may be used
to send "junk faxes", for example.
In the case of electronic mail, users subscribed to mailing lists can
have "sacrificial" email accounts. These special-purpose addresses
help the user filter out unrequested email. This is not so easy with
published telephone numbers. The PSTN E.164 number assignment
process is much more involved and less flexible; usually a single
E.164 number (or a fixed range of numbers) is associated with each
PSTN access. Thus, it is not possible to use a "sacrificial" phone
number.
Due to the implications of publishing data in a globally accessible
database, as a principle, the data subject MUST give explicit
informed consent to data being published in ENUM.
Internet Fax is based on existing use of Internet mail. Developers
and users should also consider the Security Consideration sections in
[RFC3965] and [RFC2532].
In addition to the specific security considerations given above, the
Security Considerations section of [ENUMbis] applies to this
document.
4. Example
The following is an example of the use of IFax service in a NAPTR
record.
$ORIGIN 4.3.2.1.6.7.9.8.6.4.e164.arpa
IN NAPTR 10 10 "u" "E2U+ifax:mailto"
"!^.*$!mailto:toyo@example.com!"
5. IANA Considerations
This specification creates a DNS NAPTR registration, according to the
terms specified in [ENUMbis].
The registration details are contained in section 2, Fax Service
Registration.
6. References
6.1. Normative References
[KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[ENUMbis] Faltstrom, P. and M. Mealling, "The E.164 to Uniform
Resource Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery
System (DDDS) Application (ENUM)", RFC 3761, April 2004.
[RFC3965] Toyoda, K., Ohno, H., Murai, J., and D. Wing, "A Simple
Mode of Facsimile Using Internet Mail", RFC 3965, December
2004.
[RFC2532] Masinter, L. and D. Wing, " Extended Facsimile Using
Internet Mail", RFC 2532, March 1999.
[FFPIM] Crocker, D. and G. Klyne, "Full-mode Fax Profile for
Internet Mail (FFPIM)", RFC 4142, November 2005.
Authors' Addresses
Kiyoshi Toyoda
Research and Development Laboratory
Panasonic Communications Co., Ltd.
4-1-62 Minoshima Hakata-ku, Fukuoka 812-8531 Japan
Phone: +81-50-3380-5181
EMail: toyoda.kiyoshi@jp.panasonic.com
Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
675 Spruce Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA
Phone: +1.408.246.8253
EMail: dcrocker@bbiw.net
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ISO Plain Language
On this page
§1Finding an Internet Fax Address
IFax means facsimile using Internet mail. An IFax client makes an ENUM DNS query using the target system's telephone number. The returned Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) record gives an email address for reaching that system.
The address is then used with Simple Mode, Extended Facsimile using Internet Mail, or the Full Mode Fax Profile for Internet Mail, as named in RFC 3965, RFC 2532 and RFC 4142.
The client looks up a telephone number in ENUM and gets an email address for Internet fax. The sender can then use that address with an Internet mail fax method.
§2The E2U+ifax Registration
The registered service name is E2U+ifax. Its type is ifax, its subtype is mailto, and its URI scheme is mailto. The RFC explains that Internet fax is a profile of standard Internet mail and uses standard mail addressing.
The intended usage is COMMON. The registration is made under the terms of RFC 3761.
The registration tells ENUM that the service is Internet fax and that the lookup result is a mailto address. That address is used with standard Internet mail.
§3Example NAPTR Record
The RFC shows an example NAPTR record under a reversed telephone-number domain in e164.arpa. Its service field is E2U+ifax:mailto, and its rewrite rule produces mailto:toyo@example.com.
The example shows a directory record returning an email address that begins with mailto:.
$ORIGIN 4.3.2.1.6.7.9.8.6.4.e164.arpa
IN NAPTR 10 10 "u" "E2U+ifax:mailto"
"!^.*$!mailto:toyo@example.com!"§4Privacy and Consent
ENUM uses DNS, a globally distributed database whose stored information is visible anonymously. The RFC warns that published telephone numbers and IFax information could be collected automatically and used to send junk faxes.
Because a published telephone number cannot easily be replaced with a separate disposable number, the RFC states that the data subject MUST give explicit informed consent before data is published in ENUM. The security considerations in the referenced fax and ENUM specifications also apply.
Anyone can read information published in DNS, so a listed fax number could attract junk faxes. The person whose data is listed must give informed consent first.