Rand/UCSB network graphics experiment
A progress report on using UCSB's On-Line System from Rand graphics consoles.
Harslem, E. and R. Stoughton, "Rand/UCSB network graphics experiment", RFC 225, DOI 10.17487/RFC0225, September 1971, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc225>.
@misc{rfc225,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 225,
howpublished = {RFC 225},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC0225},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc225},
author = {E. Harslem and R. Stoughton},
title = {{Rand/UCSB network graphics experiment}},
pagetotal = 5,
year = 1971,
month = sep,
} RFC text
Contents
Network Working Group E. Harslem Rand
Request for Comments: 225 UCSB
NIC 7624 13 September 1971
Category: D.6
Updates: RFC #74
RAND/UCSB NETWORK GRAPHICS EXPERIMENT
INTRODUCTION
During the Network Graphics Meeting in July, several experiments were
outlined to explore graphics over the Network. One of these was the
use of the UCSB On-Line System (OLS) from graphic consoles at Rand.
The connection was completed in the latter half of August and has
been used on an experimental basis since then. OLS users from UCSB
and TRW (in Los Angeles) have visited Rand and accessed OLS via Rand
consoles and the Network. Thus, the first phase of the experiment
was completed in August.
We are still in the midst of the second phase of the experiment which
involves cleaning up the initial implementation and reviewing and
modifying our initial strategies for the OLS connection.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXPERIMENT
UCSB
UCSB has had a Network interface on the OLS for some time. For a
description, see RFC #74. The descriptions in RFC #74 were modified
to conform to current Network protocols (NCP and ICP) and to conform
to what we considered a general graphics description.
Basically, the OLS receives an EBCDIC-like input byte stream and
generates an unstructured graphical output stream. These protocols
will be documented at the completion of our experimentation and
presented at the Network graphics meeting in October.
The Rand Video-Graphics System (VGS) was used to access the OLS via
the Network. The Video-Graphics System and its consoles are
described in R-753-ARPA available from the Rand Reports Department.
VGS consoles had been connected previously to the Network via the
Rand Network Services Program (NSP). Originally, NSP was designed to
afford NCP checkout features, logging in to and use of remote systems
and access to UCSB RJE and UCLA RJS. An additional module was easily
added to access the OLS.
Input to the OLS was done via a Rand tablet on a VGS console. Input
to the OLS module in NSP is accomplished by moving the tablet cursor
(not shown in the attached figures) which appears as a small dot on
the screen to the desired function button and pressing the tablet pen
down on the tablet.
Figure 1 shows the initial display from the OLS module. The top of
the screen has a feedback line, the remainder of the upper half is
the output display from the OLS, and the lower half is a large
sensitive area containing various function buttons (pic-table).
The sensitive areas fall into three classes:
(1) the right most column (CALL, CLOSE)
connects/disconnects to OLS over the Network.
The third function (COPY) generates hardcopy
via an SC 4060. (The figures are, in fact,
SC 4060 hardcopy.)
(2) The grid area contains the OLS function
buttons normally on a special function keyboard.
(See RFC #74.)
(3) The lower area allows entry of number,
characters and punctuation.
Figure 2 shows the login sequence to OLS and Figure 3, SIN and COS
curves from -PI to +PI generated by OLS.
Completion of the Experiment
We plan to present the experiment at the October graphics meeting in
two forms. First, a description of the protocols and techniques used
in implementing the remote network connection along with conclusions.
Second, we will make a film showing the use of the OLS from Rand and
present it at the meeting.
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| |
| |-+
| UCSB OLS INIT STATS | |Feed-
| |-+back
| |-+
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |OLS
| | |Dis-
| | |play
| | |Area
| | |
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| | |
| | |
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| | |
| | |
| | |
| |-+
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |-+
|| 0 | I | II|III|IV | V |VI |VII|REL|CMX|SYS|USR|TYP|LST|CALL | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||PLS|MIN|TIM|DIV|SQ |SQT|CNJ|INV|DIF|SUM|PRD|SOR|PRD|TST|CLOSE| |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |Input
||LS |RS |REF|UP |DWN|EVL|SUB|MAX|MOD|NEG|CTX|ENL|CON|RPT|COPY | |But-
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |tons
||SIN|COS|LOG|EXP|PWR|ATN|ARG|DEL|CNV|ID |LOD|STO|ENT| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||CAS| | | | | | |DIS|<<<|BEL| |ERS|RST| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
| ABCDEFG + = / # 12345 | |
| HIJKLMN , ; = . 67890 | |
| OPQRSTU <-<-<-<- ()? | |
| VWXYZ b ' \ \ |-+
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| |
| |-+
| UCSB OLS CONNECTED | |Feed-
| |-+back
| ENTER USER NUMBER 196 |-+
| ID NUMBER= | |
| USER NAME= ARPA | |
| JOB NAME= RAND/RFC | |
| AUTOSAVE CODE = 3 | |
| LOAD MOLSF | |
| FILE LOADED | |
| | |
| | |
| | |OLS
| | |Dis-
| | |play
| | |Area
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| | |
| | |
| | |
| |-+
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |-+
|| 0 | I | II|III|IV | V |VI |VII|REL|CMX|SYS|USR|TYP|LST|CALL | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||PLS|MIN|TIM|DIV|SQ |SQT|CNJ|INV|DIF|SUM|PRD|SOR|PRD|TST|CLOSE| |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |Input
||LS |RS |REF|UP |DWN|EVL|SUB|MAX|MOD|NEG|CTX|ENL|CON|RPT|COPY | |But-
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |tons
||SIN|COS|LOG|EXP|PWR|ATN|ARG|DEL|CNV|ID |LOD|STO|ENT| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||CAS| | | | | | |DIS|<<<|BEL| |ERS|RST| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
| ABCDEFG + = / # 12345 | |
| HIJKLMN , ; = . 67890 | |
| OPQRSTU <-<-<-<- ()? | |
| VWXYZ b ' \ \ |-+
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| ___ ___ |-+
| / \ / \ | |
| / \ / \ | |
| / \ / \ | |
| / \/ \ | |
| / /\ \ | |
| / / | |
| / \ \ | |
| / \ \ | |
| / / | |
| \ \ | |
| / / \ \ | |
| ___________________________________________ | |
| | |
| \ | | \ | |OLS
| / / | |Dis-
| \ \ | |play
| / / | |Area
| \ / \ | |
| / \ | |
| \ / / | |
| \/ / \ | |
| \ / \ | |
| / \ / \ | |
| / \ / \ | |
| __/ \___/ \__ | |
| |-+
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |-+
|| 0 | I | II|III|IV | V |VI |VII|REL|CMX|SYS|USR|TYP|LST|CALL | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||PLS|MIN|TIM|DIV|SQ |SQT|CNJ|INV|DIF|SUM|PRD|SOR|PRD|TST|CLOSE| |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |Input
||LS |RS |REF|UP |DWN|EVL|SUB|MAX|MOD|NEG|CTX|ENL|CON|RPT|COPY | |But-
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |tons
||SIN|COS|LOG|EXP|PWR|ATN|ARG|DEL|CNV|ID |LOD|STO|ENT| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
||CAS| | | | | | |DIS|<<<|BEL| |ERS|RST| | | |
|+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | |
| ABCDEFG + = / # 12345 | |
| HIJKLMN , ; = . 67890 | |
| OPQRSTU <-<-<-<- ()? | |
| VWXYZ b ' \ \ |-+
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
[ This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry ]
[ into the online RFC archives by Mark Davidson 1/00 ]
ISO Plain Language
On this page
§1The Experiment and Its Progress
One experiment outlined at the July Network Graphics Meeting was to use the UCSB On-Line System (OLS) from graphics consoles at Rand. The connection was completed in the latter half of August, and users from UCSB and TRW had accessed OLS from Rand consoles.
The RFC says this completed the first phase. The second phase involved cleaning up the implementation and reviewing and modifying the initial strategies.
Users at Rand had connected to the UCSB system and used it from graphics consoles. The team was still improving the first version.
§2Network Interface and Console
The UCSB OLS interface described in RFC 74 was modified to conform to current NCP and ICP protocols and to a general graphics description. OLS receives an EBCDIC-like input byte stream and generates an unstructured graphical output stream.
Rand used its Video-Graphics System consoles, already connected through the Rand Network Services Program. An OLS module was added to that program.
UCSB updated its network interface, and Rand added an OLS option to its existing network program. This let the Rand consoles send input and receive graphics.
§3Tablet Input and Display
A user moved a tablet cursor to a function button on the screen and pressed the tablet pen. The screen included a feedback line, an OLS output area and a lower sensitive area containing function buttons and character entry.
The rightmost column included CALL and CLOSE to connect or disconnect, plus COPY for hardcopy output through an SC 4060. Other areas contained OLS function buttons and controls for numbers, characters and punctuation. The figures show a login sequence and SIN and COS curves from -PI to +PI.
Users selected on-screen functions with a tablet pen. The display combined an output area with controls for connecting, entering characters and using OLS functions.
§4Planned Follow-Up
The authors planned to present a description of the protocols and techniques, with conclusions, at the October graphics meeting. They also planned to show a film of the OLS experiment from Rand.
The RFC says the protocols would be documented when the experimentation was complete.
The group planned to present what it learned and show a film of the experiment. Detailed protocol documentation was expected after the experiment ended.